Roof
The assembly of interacting components designed to weatherproof and normally to insulate a buildings top surface, separated from adjacent assemblies by walls or changes in elevation.
Ridge (1)
The ridge is the highest point on the roof and forms the junction between opposite inclined planes on a duo pitched or mansard roof.
Eaves (2)
The line where the roof structure joins the wall plate at the top of the wall.
Gable(3)
A roof where the two opposite walls of the building project upwards to fill the space created by the two inclined planes of a duo pitched roof.
Pitch(4)
The degree of roof incline expressed as the ratio of the rise (mtrs) to the span, (mtrs).

Duo Pitched roof

A roof, which rises by inclined planes from the eaves point on two opposite walls and usually meets at a central point. This type of roof can incorporate gables or hips.

Mono Pitch roof  

A single inclined plane rising from an eaves point on one wall to a higher eaves point on an opposite wall. (Images courtesy of architect Miettinen)

Mansard Roof 

A mansard roof rises by inclined planes from all four sides of a building. The sloping planes on all four sides have two pitches, the lower pitch is usually very steep often approaching vertical and the upper pitch less steep. The roof does not include any gables. (Images courtesy of architect Miettinen)

Valley 

The Junction formed between the ridge and the eaves where two intersecting roofs join.

Hip 

A roof, which rises by inclined planes from the eaves point on all four sides of a building. (Image courtesy of architect Miettinen)

Dormer roof

The Junction formed between the ridge and the eaves where two intersecting roofs join. (Image courtesy of architect Miettinen)

Eyelid dormer 

A small curved roof with flowing lines, which is positioned within the inclined plane of a primary roof. The curved dormer roof provides a weatherproof structure over an upright dormer window set into a sloping or inclined roof.

A small duo pitched roof, which is positioned within the inclined plane of the primary roof. The ridge of the dormer is usually at right angles to the direction of the ridge of the primary roof. The dormer roof provides a weatherproof structure over an upright dormer window set into a sloping or inclined roof. (Image courtesy of architect Miettinen)

Vaulted roof

A small duo pitched roof, which is positioned within the inclined plane of the primary roof. The ridge of the dormer is usually at right angles to the direction of the ridge of the primary roof. The dormer roof provides a weatherproof structure over an upright dormer window set into a sloping or inclined roof.         

(Image courtesy of Corus) 

 (Image courtesy of architects Dubosc & Landowski)

Dome

A small duo pitched roof, which is positioned within the inclined plane of the primary roof. The ridge of the dormer is usually at right angles to the direction of the ridge of the primary roof. The dormer roof provides a weatherproof structure over an upright dormer window set into a sloping or inclined roof. (Image courtesy of architect Miettinen)